5G Technology

Fifth-generation wireless (5G) is the latest iteration of cellular technology, engineered to greatly increase the speed and responsiveness of wireless networks. There are several new 5G technologies and techniques that are being discussed and being developed for inclusion within the 5G standards.

These new technologies and techniques will enable 5G to produce a a lot of versatile and dynamic service.

The technologies being developed for 5G include:

• Waveforms: One key space of interest is that of the new waveforms which will be seen. OFDM has been used very successfull in 4G LTE also as variety of different high data rate systems, however it will have some limitations in some circumstances. different waveform formats that are being mentioned include: GFDM, Generalised Frequency Division Multiplexing, similarly as FBMC, Filter Bank Multi-Carrier, UFMC, Universal Filtered MultiCarrier. 

• Millimetre-Wave communications: Using frequencies a lot higher within the frequency spectrum reveal additional spectrum and also provides the chance of getting a lot of wide channel bandwidth - presumably 1 - 2 ghz. but this poses new challenges for handset development where most frequencies of around 2 ghz and bandwidths of 10 - 20 mhz are presently in use. For 5G, frequencies of higher than 50GHz are being thought-about and this can present some real challenges in terms of the circuit design, the technology, and also the approach of the system is used as these frequencies don't travel as far and are absorbed almost completely by obstacles. different countries are allocating different spectrum for 5G.

• Dense networks:  Reducing the scale of cells provides a far more overall effective use of the available spectrum. Techniques to make sure that small cells in the macro-network and deployed as femtocells can operate satisfactorily are needed. there's a big challenge in adding huge numbers of additional cells to a network, and techniques are being developed to modify this.